Psychological resilience and positive emotional granularity. Emotional resilience theory resilience theory has been an intriguing field of research the last few decades. Psychological resilience european psychologist vol 18. Exploring environmental factors in nursing workplaces that.
This learning resource is for introducing and explaining the concept of psychological resilience and for researchers to discuss investigations of resilience theory. The two editors, sinclair and britt, both experts in their own right, have brought together an impressive group of authors to guide readers through resilience as a concept, the theory that. Resilience is the ability to recover rapidly from setbacks, difficulties and stressful events. Conceptual frameworks and research models on resilience in. Encompassing a vast arena of empirical evidence that has been provided by psychologists, sociologists, neuroscientists, and social workers, the resilience theory, in short, is the aggregation of the strengths that a person manifests when dealing with uncomfortable stress. Some people are knocked down by challenges, but they return as a stronger person more steadfast than before. Arguably, the theory of emotional resilience is still nascent and there is scope for a lot of new ideas to be included in it. This research builds on a previous theoretical model of workplace psychological resilience developed by rees et al. In the context of the workplace, it often occurs when an individual perceives the demands of a situation to exceed the resources available to meet these demands. This learning resource is for introducing and explaining the concept of psychological resilience and for researchers to discuss investigations of resilience.
When referring to stable resilienceconducive traits or other predispositions these should be termed resilience factors rather than resilience. So, resilience as a concept is not necessarily straightforward, and there are many operational definitions in existence. Encompassing a vast arena of empirical evidence that has been provided by psychologists, sociologists, neuroscientists, and social workers, the resilience theory, in short, is the aggregation of the strengths that a person manifests when. We build resilience through developing psychological flexibility, which is the ability to initiate and sustain values guided action, and engage fully in life, through times of both ease and. Adult personal resilience psychological thought psychopen. Definition and theory resilience is sometimes defined as a psychological process developed in response to intense life. During world war ii scientists were curious about how children were reacting to the stress of war. A wealth of prior research has examined the role of selective processing of negative emotional information as a vulnerability factor in the development of emotion dysfunction. Resilience theory as a framework for teaching human. Psychological resilience overseas development institute. This is a result of such factors as uncertainty about specific relationships.
This research highlights how experiences of coping with. Resilience in late life can be conceptualized as the maintenance of physical and psychological health in the face of risk or threats mehta et al. Understanding the environmental factors in the workplace that are essential to promote the. Hartley stuntzner, susan, phd, lpc, lmhpcpc, crc, ncc, is an assistant professor at the university of idaho. Resilience is a dynamic process theorized to protect against, or counteract the adverse effects of risk exposure. What predicts psychological resilience after disaster. Resilience theory and the practice of positive psychology from. Moreover, contemporary models of resilience explicitly recognize that adversity and competence, as well as the processes that underliethem,mayvaryacrosslevelsofanalysiswithinandacrosscultures. This, of course, resonates along hermetic principles. Notably, traitresilient individuals experience positive emotions even in the midst of stressful events, which may. Psychological resilience is the ability to mentally or emotionally cope with a crisis or to return to precrisis status quickly. The first considers how resilience has been defined in the psychology research literature. This formal theory of resilience marks the initial steps towards its operationalization. The development of a resilience intervention paper is based on a program presented at the 2014 american counseling association conference, march 2014, honolulu, hi.
To this end, the narrative is divided into three main sections. Overall, the ontology constrains the interpretation of resilience thereby quelling the ambiguities that permeate the concept. An individuals resilience at any moment is calculated by the. Scientists from all over were eager to research the impact of severe trauma on children. Resilience theory and research on children and families. Psychological resilience, positive emotions, and successful. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading building psychological resilience in military personnel. Indeed, bonanno and mancini 4 2008 noted that most individuals experience at least one. Participants completed the questionnaire packet including the general self efficacy scale, the brief psychological resilience scale, the. However, because resilience is apparent relatively early, in the first few months after exposure bonanno, 2004, the overall presence or absence of resources is also a crucial issue. Apr 23, 2014 the article calls back classical eriksons theory of psychosocial development to understand current findings of resilience research. Psychological resilience is defined by flexibility in response to changing situational demands, and the ability to bounce back from negative emotional experiences j.
This edited volume focused on building psychological resilience in military personnel provides an excellent overview of the conceptual basis for resilience. The notion of resilience derives from the physiological stress literature and the coping literature. From the out set, resilience research pioneers, such as norman garmezy, lois murphy, michael. Importantly, resilience research provides data that has the potential to significantly improve the psychological, educational, social and emotional outcomes in. One example is the response of many americans to the sept. Resilience is ones ability to bounce back smith et al. However, the number of mental disorders is still increasing. Resilience theory is rooted in the study of adversity. Her research is focused on stress, anxiety, social anxiety, medications, and resilience.
However, less consideration has been given to the possible role of positive. Many programs are available to encourage and support psychological resilience among service members and families but little is known about their effectiveness. Resilience refers to a dynamic process encompassing positive adaptation within the context of significant adversity. Psychological resilience theory has developed in four major waves 10. Psychological resilience pr provides protection from workplace stress. Psychological resilience and positivity as predictors of self. Like building a muscle, increasing your resilience takes time and intentionality.
Effects of the broad shift to a developmental systems framework in multiple disciplines are then described, along with a scalable definition of resilience for integrating. The social circumstances of substantial numbers ofchildren are declining in contemporary society. It is the mental reservoir of strength that people are able to call on in times of need to carry them through without falling apart. Indeed, growing evidence shows that global applications of psychological debrie. Refugee children and families in the united states, a recent task force report from the american psychological association. Wallace university of montana in 3 studies, the authors investigated the functional role of psychological resilience and positive emotions. There are three key tenets of resilience theory as it. The ability to learn resilience is one reason research has shown that resilience is ordinary, not extraordinary. The war brought poverty, homelessness, disease, starvation, and death.
This is a new theory of adult personal resilience that can apply in any society. The american psychological association 2014 defines resilience as the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy. The constructs of resilience, the history of resilience theory, models of resilience, variables of resilience, career resilience, and organizational resilience will be examined and discussed as they relate to leadership development. Participants 310 emerging adults, 64 % women completed two measures of resilience and a measure of developmental. Current theories relating to resilience and young people a literature. Implicit within this notion are two critical conditions. Resilience is conceptualized as the interactive influence of psychological characteristics within the context of the stress process. Resilience in positive psychology refers to the ability to cope with whatever life throws at you. Central to this theory is the concept of resource change i. Stress has been defined as a physiological and psychological response to perceived threat. The work takes a life course approach to resilience, examining.
In addition, details about how to find additional information and a bibliography of resiliencerelated literature are included. Stress, coping, and psychological resilience among physicians. The connordavidson resilience scale was developed by two researchers kathryn m. Resilience is what gives people the psychological strength 1. In simpler terms, psychological resilience exists in people who develop psychological and. It differs from previous theories, which are post hoc because.
The article calls back classical eriksons theory of psychosocial development to understand current findings of resilience research. More importantly, what are the virtues most important in living the good life. Rather than focusing on or giving precedence to any single psychological attribute, the grounded theory presented in this study suggests that numerous psychological factors relating to a positive personality, motivation, confidence, focus, and perceived social support interact to influence the stressresilienceperformance relationship. Resilience is the psychological quality that allows some people to be knocked down by the adversities of life and come back at least as strong as before. Connor is a psychiatrist and a researcher at duke university medical center in durham, north carolina. With the rise of positive psychology, the focus shifted to thriving through adversity and to concepts such as resilience. Reviews the research on the psychosocial effects of war.
Due to a neoliberal western decontextualizing stance in psychology, the concept of resilience is at risk of reproducing power imbalances and discrimination within. Google scholar panterbrick c, goodman a, tol w, eggerman m. The developmental processes of these children, and ofthe. The research was carried out with 844 students studying at four different universities in provinces of istanbul, samsun, bursa and ankara in turkey. First, the history of resilience theory and research in studies of children and families is briefly described and historical challenges for defining resilience are delineated. Resilience theory guided individuals and professionals to focus more on the strengths than the anomalies that cause stress. The notion of resilience derives from the physiological stress literature and the coping literature resilience is ones ability to bounce back smith et al. Psychological resilience an overview sciencedirect topics. Building your resilience american psychological association. Psychological resilience and positivity as predictors of. Resilience theory has been an intriguing field of research the last few decades. These four waves demonstrate a shift in interpretation of resilience as an individual personality trait to resilience as a dynamic and systematic process that unfolds in space and time. The complexities of defining what appears to be the relatively simple concept of resilience are widely recognized. This paper analyses the concept of resilience from a range of disciplinary perspectives and clarifies a definition in order to inform research, policy and practice.
Current theories relating to resilience and young people a. Psychological resilience, positive emotions, and successful adaptation to stress in later life anthony d. Resiliencetheoryandthepractice ofpositivepsychologyfrom. The purpose of this article was to discuss conceptual frameworks and research models on resilience theory. Based on the concept that there are protective factors personal, social, familial, and institutional safety nets that enable individuals to maintain competent functioning in the face of major life stressors. Psychologists define resilience as the process of adapting well in the face of adversity, trauma, tragedy, threats or significant sources of stress such as family and relationship problems, serious health problems, or workplace and financial stressors. What are the most valuable life strategies essential for survival and resilience. In addition, details about how to find additional information and a bibliography of resilience related literature are included. Resilience is not necessarily a trait or stable personality profile, or a specific genotype or some hardwired feature of brain architecture. Despite the construct being operationalized in a variety of ways, most definitions are based around two.
Key facts on resilience background semantic scholar. Psychologists believe that resilient individuals are better able to handle such adversity and rebuild their lives. Building psychological resilience in military personnel. Rutter, and emmy werner, sought to inform practice by. The positive psychology of persistence and flexibility paul t. Noteworthy research findings on theory of resilience rutters theory. The purpose of this paper is to explain theoretically the environmental factors that affect nurses resilience in the workplace. What are the most common traits shared by successful athletes and ceos. Resilience exists when the person uses mental processes and behaviors in promoting personal assets and protecting self from the potential negative effects of stressors. Additionally, this study was structured to examine the predictive roles of psychological resilience and positivity on selfefficacy. Current theories relating to resilience and young people.