Activists and political groups invited people to demonstrate on 25 th. The egyptian workers movement and the 25 january revolution. Political scientists, diplomats, economists, sociologists, and even international aid workers have proposed theories to explain the economic, political, historical, and. The economic causes of the egyptian revolution january 25. Then out of the blue, as it were, the january 25 th generation miraculously managed to organize a strong demonstration that swelled in just. Sufis desire to be free and for political and social selfrealisation are now greater than at. This is the second part of a discussion of the role that the youth has played in the arab uprisings of 2011 and the political transitions that followed. The planning for the revolution started on the worldwide web, and turned into reality after defining a time and space for its birth. Yet, what emerged in the period until 30 june 20 is a grey zone.
The 25th of january revolution collection opensource language arabic. Social protests in egypt before and after the 25 january revolution. Egyptlong the powerhouse and cultural center of the middle east, and long perceived as a bastion. In the weeks since the january 25 revolution, dozens of explanations have been posited for mubaraks downfall. Pdf social protests in egypt before and after the 25. This study analyzes the different frames used by popular newspapers alahram and almasry alyoum in covering egypts january 25 revolution. Prior to discussing the direct and indirect reasons behind the egyptian revolution, it is worth elaborating on the economic, social, and political circumstances of egypt prior to the 25th of january revolution.
Factfinding national commission about 25 jan revolution final report pdf. It is a day off for the general population, and schools and most businesses are closed. Paper 2 feb 2325 29 march 2011 a leaderless uprising. Will improving the instore experience stifle the revolution. On january 25, 2011, hundreds of thousands of egyptians poured into the streets to demand an end to hosni mubaraks 30year grip on power, as well as poverty, unemployment and police brutality. January 25, 2011 revolution, june 30, 20 revolution, mohmmed mursi, muslim brotherhood, abdel fatah alsisi. Protesters were inspired by the successful uprising in tunisia, where demonstrators succeeded. The modern egyptian national movement has consistently sought three goals. Public corruption and the egyptian revolution of january 25. Regime, weakened revolutionaries the fifth anniversary of. January 25 eastern orthodox liturgics earliest day on which the first day of carnival of cadiz can fall, while february 28 is the latest.
The fifth anniversary of the january 25 revolution. The biggest gain of the 25 january revolution was the collapse of the barrier of fear. The root causes of the tunisian jasmine revolution and egyptian january 25 revolution find. The revolution, propelled by the success of antigovernment protests in tunisia, lasted 18 days, during which citizens of all walks of life demonstrated. Revolution day january 25 in 2020 is on the saturday, 25th of jan 1252020. In contrast to the perspective provided by the mainstream media, which sees the egyptian revolution as a series of inexplicable clashes and explosions of random violence, the article lays out how the development of the class struggle over the ten months between february and november has changed the egyptian workers movement, and. Many streamed past the iconic statue of saad zaghlul leader of egypts. On 25 january 2011, thousands poured into tahrir square, the symbolic heart of cairo. The january 25 revolution gave egyptian youth a path and purpose in which to direct their energies. Egypts muslim brotherhood and the january 25 revolution. It is likely that egypts transition to democracy will be a long and difficult process. Feb 19, 2012 he tried to be as inclusive as possible, as when he changed the name of the pages biggest scheduled rally from celebrating egyptian police day january 25 to january 25.
Pdf on jun 1, 2018, mohd irwan syazli saidin and others published rethinking the arab spring. Security forces and protesters clash during the january 25 revolution in 2011. Three bloggers who have documented egypts revolution online share how they covered events in 2011 and tell us what the anniversary of 25 january means to them. The 2011 revolution in egypt started with marches, demonstrations and civil resistance on january 25. While recognizing that youth is a disputed unit of analysis and affirming that the revolution was made possible by the coming together of different social and political movements.
Weakened regime, weakened revolutionaries muhammad mansour fikra forum january 28, 2016 there is no denying egypts current state of public discontent, stemming from deteriorating living conditions and a state of frustration over the repressive policies of the sisi government. Adobe acrobat reader is required to read the files. The january 25 revolution, as egyptians call it, is the fourth egyptian revolution in the last years. Economic and social reasons for the egypts january 25 revolution the egyptian revolution will not succeed until it establishes a new system that eliminates the causes of the revolution, which. The main players were first, the egyptian people, who fomented the revolution. Egypt removes 25 january, 30 june uprisings from school. The 25 january revolution is a unique event in the modern egyptian history. The egyptian revolution and post socioeconomic impact. Multiple stresses on the russian lower classes led to the february revolution in 1917.
Economic and social reasons for the egypts january 25. However, on january 25, 2011, experts were proven wrong. Jan 25, 2011 the revolution of 25 january 2011 started on police day, a public holiday, with a series of peaceful demonstrations in egyptian capital cairo. On the anniversary of a great revolution that marked an awakening of the arab people against years of stagnation and decades of mismanagement of wealth and resources, there are lessons to be remembered too. Revolution of 25 january, womens rights, digital media introduction the stories of women and revolutions have always intertwined, and the revolution of. The egyptian militarys role in the 25 january revolution, and the postrevolution impacts on egypts foreign relations and middle east stability by defense technical information center. Perspectives on the evolution of their forms and features.
Protests and police confrontations beginning with a day of protest on january 25, young protestors using social media to organize came out in far greater numbers than initially envisioned, creating a selfsustaining momentum that culminated in. Protests and police confrontations beginning with a day of protest on january 25, young protestors using social media to organize came out in far greater numbers than initially envisioned, creating a selfsustaining momentum that culminated in ever larger nationwide protests. The revolution of 25 january 2011 started on police day, a public holiday, with a series of peaceful demonstrations in egyptian capital cairo. Jan 25 how egypts bloggers see the revolution one year on.
Revolution day january 25 in 2020 is on the saturday, 25th of jan 1 25 2020. A loose coalition of egyptian opposition movements began a protest that eventually exploded into a peaceful revolution with millions of participants. Much political science scholarship as well as many western politicians conceptualized the 25 january. The egyptian revolution of 2011, also known as the january 25 revolution started on 25. It is the fifth revolution since the beginning of the 19th century. The egyptian revolution and post socioeconomic impact doaa s. Although many would say that such a change has yet to materialize in the everyday of ordinary citizens, those 18 days are still a cherished, albeit painful, memory for those who participated, or even for those who followed. The military was fighting in world war i despite a poor industry. United nations economic and social commission for western asia. Po l role of sufi or ders the january 25 revolution. The tunisian revolution provided a source for inspiration. The uprising was mainly a campaign of nonviolent civil resistance, which featured a series of demonstrations, marches, acts of civil disobedience, and labour strikes.
The 25th of january revolution collection opensource language. January 25 marked six years since egypts popular revolution, ousting former president hosni mubaraks regime. The role of women in the egyptian 25th january revolution. The consensus that has formed among retail professionals is that the biggest opportunity for brickandmortar retailers is in improving the in. The date was january 25, 2011, the date from which the revolution got its name. The 25 january egyptian revolution that was trig gered under the slogan bread. They streamed across the venerable qasr alnil bridge, broke through security barriers as they raced through downtown streets, and marched in small clusters or long lines along the nile corniche from the southern and northern districts. They streamed across the venerable qasr alnil bridge, broke through security barriers as they raced through downtown streets, and marched in small clusters or long lines along the nile corniche from. The researcher conducted a content analysis of news stories and news features of both newspapers during the 18 days of uprisings that started on january 25, 2011 and ended by former president hosni mubarak handing over power to the supreme council of. Newspapers coverage of the egyptian january 25 revolution.
How an egyptian revolution began on facebook the new york times. The first revolution brought mohammad ali pasha and the renaissance to egypt in 1805. Egypts year of revolution ahram online presents a timeline of events since the eruption of january 2011 popular uprising that ended the 30year autocratic rule of hosni mubarak hatem. Political scientists, diplomats, economists, sociologists, and even intemational aid workers have proposed theories to explain the economic, political, historical, and.
The economic causes of the egyptian revolution january 25, 2011. Pdf on jan 19, 2016, noha bakr and others published the egyptian revolution find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The egyptian revolution of 2011, also known as the january 25 revolution arabic. Jan 25, 2012 three bloggers who have documented egypts revolution online share how they covered events in 2011 and tell us what the anniversary of 25 january means to them. Economic conditions in egypt prior to 25th of january revolution. Beginning in december 2010, unprecedented mass demonstrations against poverty, corruption, and political repression broke out in several arab countries, challenging the authority of some of the most entrenched regimes in the middle east and north africa. Economic and social reasons for the egypts january 25 revolution. Microsoft word the retail revolution is now january 25 2017. The biggest gain of the 25 january revolution was the collapse of. The texts in question include one text taken from the 6 april youth movement page on facebook, five texts from the first book, and four texts from the second book. The egyptian revolution carries a challenging transition phase, starting out with problems such as low foreign direct investments fdi, a high budget deficit, a high debt. Abdou, zeinab zaazou modern sciences and arts university msa, egypt abstract. From 25th of january to the new constitution the new egypt will be shaped to a great extent by a negotiation process between the army and the political actors in opposition. Much political science scholarship as well as many western politicians conceptualized the 25 january revolution as the beginning of a transition from authoritarian rule to democracy.
Egypts ministry of education has decided to remove mention of the 25 january 2011 uprising and 30 june 20 mass protests from high school curriculum, according to the stateowned newspaper alahram. The coverage of egypts revolution reuters institute for the study. Any system that combines some characteristics of parliamentary. How an egyptian revolution began on facebook the new. Drawing on these and more recent sources, an attempt is also made to bring the features of todays egypts political field into clear focus in the wake of the january 25 revolution and the subsequent emergence of newly formed political parties on the egyptian scene. The revolution started on police day, a public holiday, 25 january 2011, with a series of peaceful demonstrations in cairo that were originally meant to draw attention to police brutality. The egyptian political debate on the youth and the january. Sixth anniversary of the january 25 revolution moshe. This chapter seeks to understand the challenges to the emergence of democratic governance in the aftermath of egypts 25 january revolution. He tried to be as inclusive as possible, as when he changed the name of the pages biggest scheduled rally from celebrating egyptian police day january 25 to january 25. The date sparked widespread discussion on social networking sites sns, in which hundreds of thousands of egyptian users, especially supporters of the muslim brotherhood, examined the progress egypt has made on various issues since the revolution. See what famous, interesting and notable events happened throughout history on january 25. On january 25, 2011, thousands poured into tahrir square, the symbolic heart of cairo.
The 25 january revolution threw a large stone in the stagnant lake of egyptian sufi orders, resulting in waves and an uproar that will not allow egyptian sufism to return to what it was before the revolution. Revolution day january 25 is on the 25th day of 2020. Jun 19, 2017 security forces and protesters clash during the january 25 revolution in 2011. Prior to the revolution on the 25th of january, the economy in. Revolution day january 25 in egypt calendar calendarlabs. Economic conditions in egypt prior to 25th of january.
Youth movements and the 25 january revolution university. Unzip extract with winzip, winrar, 7zip or windows built in zip extractor. Jun 01, 2011 then out of the blue, as it were, the january 25 th generation miraculously managed to organize a strong demonstration that swelled in just four days to a onemillion strong revolution in. Jan 25 how egypts bloggers see the revolution one year. This chapter examines the role of youth movements and youth activists in the making and the unfolding of the january 25 revolution. In the weeks since the january 25 revolution there have been dozens of explanations for mubaraks downfall. The date was set by various youth groups to coincide with the annual egyptian police holiday as a statement against increasing police brutality during the last. Egypts year of revolution ahram online presents a timeline of events since the eruption of january 2011 popular uprising that ended the.